|
Awdures ac athronydd [[w:Ffrainc|Ffrengig]] oedd '''[[w:Simone de Beauvoir|Simone de Beauvoir]]''' ([[9 Ionawr]], [[1908]] – [[14 Mawrth]], [[1986]]). Mae'n fwyaf adnabyddus am ei gwaith ''[[w:The Second Sex|The Second Sex]]'' [''Le Deuxième Sexe''] ym 1949, dadansoddiad manwl o orthrymder menywod a thract o ffemistaeth modern, yn ogystal a'i pherthynas bersonol hir dymor gyda [[Jean-Paul Sartre]].
== Dyfyniadau gyda ffynhonnell ==
== Sourced ==
[[Imagedelwedd:150px-Mother Galanda.jpg|144px|thumbbawd|rightdde|ItDywedwyd wasfy saidmod thatwedi Igwrthod refusedrhoi tounrhyw grantwerth anyi valuereddf tomamol theac maternali instinctgariad. and to love.Nid Thisyw washyn notyn sowir.]]
[[Image:Wushu dao.jpg |144px|thumb|right|Self-knowledge is no guarantee of happiness, but it is on the side of happiness and can supply the courage to fight for it.]]
[[Image:Truth.jpg |144px|thumb|right|I tore myself away from the safe comfort of certainties through my love for truth — and truth rewarded me.]]
* Beth yw oedolyn? Plentyn wedi ei chwyddo gan oed.
* '''I wish that every human life might be pure transparent freedom.'''
** ''The Blood of Others'' [''Le sang des autres''] (1946)
* The Communists, following [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]], speak of humanity and its future as of some monolithic individuality. I was attacking this illusion.
** On her work ''[[w:All Men are Mortal|All Men are Mortal]]'' in ''Force of Circumstances'' (1963), p. 73
* '''It was said that I refused to grant any value to the maternal instinct and to love. This was not so.''' I simply asked that women should experience them truthfully and freely, whereas they often use them as excuses and take refuge in them, only to find themselves imprisoned in that refuge when those emotions have dried up in their hearts. I was accused of preaching sexual promiscuity; but at no point did I ever advise anyone to sleep with just anyone at just any time; my opinion on this subject is that all choices, agreements and refusals should be made independently of institutions, conventions and motives of self-aggrandizement; if the reasons for it are not of the same order as the act itself, then the only result can be lies, distortions and mutilations.
** ''Force of Circumstances'' Vol. III (1963) as translated by Richard Howard (1968) - [http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/ethics/de-beauvoir/1963/interview.htm Excerpt online]
* '''Self-knowledge is no guarantee of happiness, but it is on the side of happiness and can supply the courage to fight for it.''' Psychiatrists have told me that they give ''The Second Sex'' to their women patients to read, and not merely to intellectual women but to lower-middle-class women, to office workers and women working in factories. 'Your book was a great help to me. Your book saved me,' are the words I have read in letters from women of all ages and all walks of life. <br> If my book has helped women, it is because it expressed them, and they in their turn gave it its truth. Thanks to them, it is no longer a matter for scandal and concern. During these last ten years the myths that men created have crumbled, and many women writers have gone beyond me and have been far more daring than I. Too many of them for my taste take sexuality as their only theme; but at least when they write about it they now present themselves as the eye-that-looks, as subject, consciousness, freedom.
** ''Force of Circumstances'' Vol. III (1963) as translated by Richard Howard (1968)
* It's frightening to think that you mark your children merely by being yourself... It seems unfair. You can't assume the responsibility for everything you do — or don't do.
** ''Les Belles Images'' (1966), Ch. 3
* What is an adult? A child blown up by age.
** ''A Woman Destroyed'' [''Une femme rompue''] (1967)
* '''Newidiwch eich bywyd heddiw. Peidiwch a chymryd siawn ar y dyfodol, gweithredwch nawr, ac heb oedi.'''
* '''I tore myself away from the safe comfort of certainties through my love for truth — and truth rewarded me.'''
** Dyfynnwyd yn ''The Book of Positive Quotations'' (2007) gan John Cook, td. 548
** ''All Said and Done'' (1972), p. 16 <small> ISBN 1569249814 </small>
* '''One's life has value so long as one attributes value to the life of others, by means of love, friendship, indignation and compassion.'''
** As quoted in ''Successful Aging : A Conference Report'' (1974) by Eric Pfeiffer, p. 142
[[Image:Glory, spectre.jpg|144px|thumb|right|Change your life today. Don't gamble on the future, act now, without delay.]]
* When [[Jean-Paul Sartre|Sartre]] and I met not only did our backgrounds fuse, but also our solidity, our individual conviction that we were what we were made to be. In that framework we could not become rivals. Then, as the relationship between Sartre and me grew, I became convinced that I was irreplaceable in his life, and he in mine. In other words, we were totally secure in the knowledge that our relationship was also totally solid, again preordained, though, of course, we would have laughed at that word then. When you have such security it's easy not to be jealous. But had I thought that another woman played the same role as I did in Sartre's life, of course, I would have been jealous.
** [http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/ethics/de-beauvoir/1976/interview.htm Interview by John Gerassi in ''Society'' (January-February 1976)]
* In itself, homosexuality is as limiting as heterosexuality: the ideal should be to be capable of loving a woman or a man; either, a human being, without feeling fear, restraint, or obligation.
** As quoted in ''Bisexual Characters in Film: From Anaïs to Zee'' (1997) by Wayne M. Bryant, p. 143
* '''Change your life today. Don't gamble on the future, act now, without delay.'''
** As quoted in ''The Book of Positive Quotations'' (2007) by John Cook, p. 548
=== ''[[w:All Men are Mortal|All Men are Mortal]]'' (1946) ===
:<small>''Tous les hommes sont mortels'' (1946); quotes are primarily from the translation by Leonard M. Friedman (1955) <small> ISBN 0393308456 </small> </small>
[[Image:Vitruvian.jpg|144px|thumb|right|I'm never afraid. But in my case it's nothing to be proud of.]]
* '''Insects were scurrying about in the shade cast by the grass, and the lawn was a huge monotonous forest of thousands of little green blades, all equal, all alike, hiding the world from each other. Anguished, she thought, "I don't want to be just another blade of grass." '''
** Regina
* She was beautiful, with a beauty so severe and so solitary that at first it was startling. "Ah! If only there were two of me," she thought, "one doing the talking and one listening, one living and one watching, how I would love myself. I'd envy no one."
** p. 5
[[Image:Cornava.jpg|144px|thumb|right|''He'' walks in the street, a picture of modesty in his felt hat and his gabardine suit, and all the while he's thinking, "I'm immortal."]]
* '''Time is beginning to flow again.'''
** Raimon (Raymond) to Regina, p. 17
* '''If I had amnesia, I'd be almost like other men. Perhaps I'd even be able to love you.'''
** Raimon to Regina. p. 17
* You made me come to Paris. You pestered me to start living again. Well, now it's up to you to make my life livable. You mustn't let three whole days go by without coming to see me. ... You wanted me to take notice of you. Now nothing else matters to me. I know you're alive and I feel emptiness inside me when you're away.
** Raimon to Regina. p. 20
* '''I'm never afraid. But in my case it's nothing to be proud of.'''
** Raimon to Regina. p. 23
* '''''He'' walks in the street, a picture of modesty in his felt hat and his gabardine suit, and all the while he's thinking, "I'm immortal." '''The world is his, time is his, and I'm nothing but an insect.
** Regina to herself, p. 28
[[Image:Divina - by Jeroen van Valkenburg.PNG|144px|thumb|right|You're unique like all other women.]]
* '''One day I'll be old, dead, forgotten. And at this very moment, while I'm sitting here thinking these things, a man in a dingy hotel room is thinking, "I will always be here." '''
** Regina to herself, p. 28
* He had not applauded, he had remained seated, but he had looked at her steadily. From the depths of eternity he had looked at her and Rosalind became immortal. ''If I could believe him, she thought, if only I could believe him!''
** P. 30
[[Image:The Realm of Rane - by Jeroen van Valkenburg.PNG|144px|thumb|right|There is only one good. And that is to act according to your conscience.]]
* '''Dare to believe me. Dare!'''
** Raimon to Regina. p. 31
* They were walking side by side, but each was alone.
** Raimon to Regina, p. 53
* '''You're unique like all other women.'''
** Raimon to Regina, p. 55
* I was born in Italy on the 17th May 1279 in a castle in the city of Carmona.
** 71
* Even the children of Carmona were divided into two camps, and below the ramparts, among the brushwood and rocks, we battled with stones shouting "Long live the duke!" and others, "Down with the tyrant!" We fought viciously, but I was never satisfied with this game — the fallen enemy rose again, the dead came back to life. The day after a battle, victors and vanquished both found themselves unharmed.
** p. 72
* For the first time in my life, I took part in a real battle between men. The dead did not come to life again, the vanquished fled in disorder; every thrust of my lance helped save Carmona. That day, I would have died with a smile on my lips, certain of having contributed to a triumphant future for my city.
** p. 73
* It was as though some stubborn god spent their time in an immutable and absurd balancing act between life and death, prosperity and poverty.
** p. 81
* '''There is only one good. And that is to act according to the dictates of one's conscience.'''
** p. 181
[[Image:M51 whirlpool galaxy black hole.jpg |144px|thumb|right|Had we advanced even a step nearer to the mysterious heart of the universe?]]
* What did today's sacrifices matter: the Universe lay ahead in the future. What did burnings at the stake and massacres matter? '''The Universe was somewhere else, always somewhere else! And it isn't anywhere: there are only men, men eternally divided.'''
** p. 201
* What has value in their eyes is never what is done for them; it's what they do for themselves.
** p. 315
* It is impossible to do anything for anyone.
** p. 317
* Were we really more advanced than the alchemists of Carmona? We had brought to light certain facts that they were not aware of, we had organised them into the right order; but had we advanced even a step nearer to the mysterious heart of the universe?
* '''That's what I consider true generosity. You give your all, and yet you always feel as if it costs you nothing.'''
* If you live long enough, you'll see that every victory turns into a defeat.
* After wars peace, after peace, another war. Every day men are born and others die.
* Try to stay a man amongst men ... There's no other hope for you.
** Marianne to Raimon
== Dyfyniadau a briodolir iddi ar gam ==
| 